Publication: Electrical breakdown in liquid-phase processing on an enhancement of 7-hydroxymitragynine conversion from mitragynine in Mitragyna speciose (Kratom)
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Issued Date
2024-09-15
Resource Type
eISSN
24058440
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85203140992
Journal Title
Heliyon
Volume
10
Issue
17
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Heliyon Vol.10 No.17 (2024)
Suggested Citation
Samee W., Matra K., Lakkham N., Dongkaew B., Sumkhum P., Sangwang W., Nupangtha W., Promping J. Electrical breakdown in liquid-phase processing on an enhancement of 7-hydroxymitragynine conversion from mitragynine in Mitragyna speciose (Kratom). Heliyon Vol.10 No.17 (2024). doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36676 Retrieved from: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14740/20262
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of the Electrical Breakdown in Liquid-phase (EBL) process on alkaloid transformation in Mitragyna speciose (Kratom) leaves, focusing on the conversion of mitragynine (MG) to 7-hydroxy mitragynine (7-OH-MG) by using advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). A novel reactor has been developed to enhance plasma exposure to Kratom leaf powdered solutions during the EBL process. Two distinct electrical voltage characteristics, half-positive and negative half-waves, have been utilized for the EBL, with an output voltage of 4.57 kVpeak at a no-load condition and a frequency of 50 Hz. The experimental findings demonstrate a time-dependent enhancement in the transformation process. The highest yield of 7-OH-MG, reaching 2,485 ± 134 μg/g of dried Kratom leaves weight, has been attained with the EBL processing generated by positive half-wave voltage after 20 min of EBL exposure. Notably, the EBL processing generated by positive half-wave voltage has outperformed the one generated by negative half-wave voltage by a significant factor of 2.01.