Binding interaction of potent HIV-1 NNRTIs, amino-oxy-diarylquinoline with the transport protein using spectroscopic and molecular docking

Abstract

In the present investigation, the intermolecular interaction of 4-(4′-cyanophenoxy)-2-(4′′-cyanophenyl)-aminoquinoline (1), a potent non-nucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors, with the transport proteins, namely bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA), has been investigated under physiological conditions employing UV–Vis, fluorescence spectrophotometry, competitive binding experiments and molecular docking methods. The results indicated that binding of (1) to the transport proteins caused fluorescence quenching though a static quenching mechanism. The number of binding site (n) and the apparent binding constant (Kb) between (1) and the transport proteins were determined to be about 1 and 104–105 L·mol−1 (at three different temperatures; 298, 308, 318 K), respectively. The interaction of (1) upon binding to the transport proteins was spontaneous. The enthalpic change (ΔH°) and the entropic change (ΔS°) were calculated to be −56.50 kJ·mol−1, −72.31 J·mol−1 K−1 for (1)/BSA, respectively and computed to be −49.35 kJ·mol−1, −58.64 J·mol−1 K−1, respectively for (1)/HSA, respectively. The results implied that the process of interaction force of (1) with the transport protein were Vander Waals force and/or hydrogen bonding interactions. The site maker competitive experiments revealed that the binding site of (1) with the transport proteins were mainly located within site I (sub-domain IIA) in both proteins. Additionally, the molecular docking experiment supported the above results which confirmed the binding interaction between (1) and the transport proteins. This study will come up with basic data for explicating the binding mechanisms of (1) with the transport protein and can be great significance in the opening to clarify the transport process of (1) in vivo. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.