Publication: Potential of Thai rice straw as a raw material for the synthesis of carboxymethylcellulose
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Issued Date
2019
Resource Type
File Type
application/pdf
ISSN
19854668
Other identifier(s)
2-s2.0-85069766861
Rights Holder(s)
Scopus
Bibliographic Citation
International Food Research Journal. Vol 26, No.3 (2019), p.969-978
Suggested Citation
Sophonputtanaphoca S., Chutong P., Cha-Aim K., Nooeaid P. Potential of Thai rice straw as a raw material for the synthesis of carboxymethylcellulose. International Food Research Journal. Vol 26, No.3 (2019), p.969-978. Retrieved from: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14740/5594
Author(s)
Abstract
Ten different Thai rice straw cultivars were used to evaluate their potential as a raw material for the synthesis of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). The native straw samples contained 22.4-37.5% cellulose by weight of the native biomass. After cellulose extraction by alkaline peroxide pre-treatment (5% sodium hydroxide in 2.5% hydrogen peroxide), total solid recovery ranged from 38.7-49.5% of the biomass by dry weight. In these solid samples, cellulose was the main component of the materials. Cellulose content accounted for 59.8-81.2% by weight of the pre-treated biomass depending on the specific rice straw sample. Alkalisation and methylation by sodium hydroxide and sodium monochloroacetate in the presence of solvent gave CMC yields higher than 90% by weight of extracted cellulose. The characterisation of CMC revealed that Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra of all CMC samples showed differences in terms of carboxymethyl substitution as compared to that of cellulose. X-ray diffraction analysis suggested that crystallinity of the synthesised CMC samples was reduced as compared to that of cellulose. The CMC had a degree of substitution ranging from 0.63-0.87. The highest viscosity of CMC was found in the sample of rice straw RD 6, which had a measured viscosity of 100 cP. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed that all CMC samples had a smooth surface, indicating a high level of carboxymethylation. © 2019, Universiti Putra Malaysia.