Enterobius vermicularis Infection in Thailand (2013–2024): A Comprehensive Epidemiological Analysis: A Narrative Review

Abstract

This study provides a comprehensive epidemiological analysis of Enterobius vermicularis prevalence in Thailand from 2013 to 2024, revealing significant regional disparities and key demographic risk factors. We provided a consolidated analysis of E. vermicularis prevalence in Thailand, encompassing data from 2013 to 2024 by reviewing findings from international databases (PubMed, Google Scholar), and local Thai publications. The studies reported a striking average prevalence of 11.39% in the Northern region, with alarmingly high rates reaching 46.55% in Sukhothai’s Satchanalai District, where children aged 1-4 years accounted for 83.33% of cases. In contrast, the Southern region showed a much lower average prevalence of 1.82%, influenced by hygiene practices, parental education, and sibling presence. The Central region’s average prevalence of 4.74% was associated with age, gender assigned at birth, and parental education. Housing conditions, including inadequate sanitation and overcrowding, consistently exacerbated transmission across all regions. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted public health interventions, including routine screenings for young children, enhanced hygiene education, and improved sanitation infrastructure, to combat E. vermicularis infections throughout Thailand effectively. Reporting this epidemiological evidence is crucial for informing and guiding effective public health policies and interventions, ultimately contributing to the reduction of E. vermicularis burden and improved population health.