Prevalence of Cervical High-risk Human Papilloma Viral Infection in Pregnant Women at HRH Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Medical Center, Thailand

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of high-risk human papilloma viral (HR-HPV) infection and the factors associated with HR-HPV infection among Thai pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the HRH Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Medical Center from May 1, 2022 to January 31, 2023. The data were collected through primary HPV testing, liquid-based cytology (LBC), and a questionnaire. Results: Overall, 188 pregnant women participated in the study. The mean age was 28.91 years old. The prevalence of HPV infection was 12.7% (24/188), and the two most common types were HPV 52 (6/188, 3.1%) and HPV 16 (5/188, 2.66%). No case of HPV type 18 infection was detected. Abnormal cervical cytology smears were detected in 21 samples (11.17%). The women who had multiple partners had a significantly higher risk of HR-HPV infection compared to the group who had only a single partner (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of HR-HPV infection during pregnancy in Thai women was 12.7%. Having multiple partners was found to be the greatest risk factor in this study. Primary HPV testing at a prenatal visit may be an option to improve screening coverage and could be considered in future cervical cancer screening programs.