Publication: Effects of melatonin on severe crush spinal cord injury–induced reactive astrocyte and scar formation
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Issued Date
2016
Resource Type
Language
eng
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application/pdf
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open access
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Rights Holder(s)
มหาวิทยาลัยศรีนครินทรวิโรฒ
Bibliographic Citation
Journal of Neuroscience Research, Volume 94, Issue 12,
1 December 2016,
Pages 1451-1459
Suggested Citation
Warin Krityakiarana, Kamonrapat Sompup, Nopporn Jongkamonwiwat, Sujira Mukda, Fernando Gomez Pinilla, Piyarat Govitrapong, Pansiri Phansuwan-Pujito Effects of melatonin on severe crush spinal cord injury–induced reactive astrocyte and scar formation. Journal of Neuroscience Research, Volume 94, Issue 12,
1 December 2016,
Pages 1451-1459. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.23930 Retrieved from: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14740/11813
Organization
Abstract
The present work aimed at analyzing the effects of melatonin on scar formation after spinal cord injury (SCI). Upregulation of reactive astrocyte under SCI pathological conditions has been presented in several studies. It has been proved that the crucial factor in triggering this upregulation is proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, scar formation is an important barrier to axonal regeneration through the lesion area. Melatonin plays an important role in reducing inflammation, but its effects on scar formation in the injured spinal cord remain unknown. Hence, we used the model of severe crush injury in mice to investigate the effects of melatonin on scar formation. Mice were randomly separated into four groups; SCI, SCI+Melatonin 1 (single dose), SCI+Melatonin 14 (14 daily doses), and control. Melatonin was administered by intraperitoneal injection (10 mg/kg) after injury. Immunohistochemical analysis, Western blot, and behavioral evaluation were used to explore the effects of melatonin after SCI for 14 days. The melatonin-treated mice presented higher expression of neuronal markers (P < 0.001). Remarkably, the inflammatory response appeared to be greatly reduced in the SCI+Melatonin 14 group (P < 0.001), which also displayed less scar formation (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that melatonin inhibits scar formation by acting on inflammatory cytokines after SCI. Overall, our results suggest that melatonin is a promising treatment strategy after SCI that deserves further investigation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.