Publication: Distillation study of light bio-oil from palm fresh fruit pyrolysis for enhanced bio-gasoline characteristics through blending with gasohol E85
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Issued Date
2025-06-01
Resource Type
eISSN
27724271
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105003539731
Journal Title
Energy Nexus
Volume
18
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Energy Nexus Vol.18 (2025)
Suggested Citation
Tawkaew S., Unsomsri N., Asadamongkon P., Jansri S.N., Wiriyasart S., Kaewluan S. Distillation study of light bio-oil from palm fresh fruit pyrolysis for enhanced bio-gasoline characteristics through blending with gasohol E85. Energy Nexus Vol.18 (2025). doi:10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100432 Retrieved from: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14740/20362
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Abstract
The increasing demand for renewable energy sources highlights the importance of pyrolysis as a sustainable method for converting biomass into valuable products. In this study, palm fresh fruit was pyrolyzed in a 120 L batch-type reactor at 450, 550, 650, and 700 °C at a heating rate of 2–5 °C/min. The production of pyrolysis liquid product (PLP) yie ld is 57.50 %, 62.88 %, 52.53 %, and 47.77 %, respectively. The pyrolysis at 550 °C shows a 62.88 % yield of PLP, 10.27 % biochar, and 26.85 % pyrolysis gases. As the pyrolysis temperature increased, the gas yield slightly increased, whereas the biochar yield decreased. The PLP was distilled at 200 °C to separate into light bio-oil (LBO), wood vinegar (WV), and heavy bio-oil (HBO), yielding 11.91 % LBO, 41.60 % WV, and 46.45 % HBO. The GC–MS of LBO showed that the five components with the highest peak intensities were 1-octene, octane, 1-nonene, nonane, and 1-decene, with respective area percentages of 14.31 %, 8.3 9 %, 18.26 %, 8.01 %, and 8.05 %. The ratios of the blended LBO with gasohol E85 were 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50. The properties of the blended LBO were determined using TGA and a standard test method for distillation. Blending LBO with gasohol E85 in a 60:40 ratio produced fuel that met the gasoline standards for distillation volume fractions. The resulting fuel exhibited a heating value of 36 MJ/kg, which was 35 % higher than that of gasohol E85, highlighting the potential of LBO as a high-quality biofuel and its contribution to renewable energy development.