Publication:
Nipple Pain Incidence, the Predisposing Factors, the Recovery Period after Care Management, and the Exclusive Breastfeeding Outcome

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Issued Date

2017

Resource Type

Article

File Type

application/pdf

ISSN

15568253

DOI

10.1089/bfm.2016.0194

Other identifier(s)

2-s2.0-85017407292

Rights Holder(s)

Scopus

Bibliographic Citation

Breastfeeding Medicine. Vol 12, No.3 (2017), p.169-173

Suggested Citation

Puapornpong P., Paritakul P., Suksamarnwong M., Srisuwan S., Ketsuwan S. Nipple Pain Incidence, the Predisposing Factors, the Recovery Period after Care Management, and the Exclusive Breastfeeding Outcome. Breastfeeding Medicine. Vol 12, No.3 (2017), p.169-173. doi:10.1089/bfm.2016.0194 Retrieved from: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14740/4192

Title

Nipple Pain Incidence, the Predisposing Factors, the Recovery Period after Care Management, and the Exclusive Breastfeeding Outcome

Author(s)

Puapornpong P.
 Paritakul P.
 Suksamarnwong M.
 Srisuwan S.
 Ketsuwan S.

Abstract

Background: Nipple pain is the most common complaint of breastfeeding mothers during the immediate postpartum period. Persistent nipple pain is associated with low breastfeeding rate at 6 months postpartum. Objective: To further explore the incidence of nipple pain, associated predisposing factors, time for recovery after management, and the impact on exclusive breastfeeding rates. Materials and Methods: Included in this study were 1,649 singleton, pregnant women who delivered and had their 1-week follow-up at the breastfeeding clinic during the period of January 2013 to December 2015. The mothers who experienced nipple pain were analyzed for the incidence, the predisposing factors, and the recovery period after care management. The breastfeeding outcome comparison of both, mothers with and without pain, was measured by the exclusive breastfeeding rate at the sixth week postpartum. Results: The incidence of nipple pain was at 9.6% by day 7. A predisposing factor of nipple pain was primiparity (relative risk = 1.8, 95% confidence interval 1.3-2.5). The reasons for nipple pain were inappropriate positioning and latching (72.3%), tongue-tie (23.2%), and oversupply (4.4%). The recovery period after care management was 1-2 weeks. There were no statistically significant differences between the 6-week exclusive breastfeeding rates of the mothers with nipple pain with treatment and the mothers without nipple pain. Conclusion: Persistent nipple pain was a common problem. The active management, including early detection and treatment, would help the mothers recover within a 2-week period and there was no significant difference of exclusive breastfeeding rates between the mothers who had early care management and the mothers without nipple pain. © Copyright 2017, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2017.

Subject(s)

Adult
 Aftercare
 Ankyloglossia
 Article
 Breast feeding
 Controlled study
 Disease predisposition
 Female
 Follow up
 Human
 Incidence
 Mastalgia
 Pregnant woman
 Primipara
 Priority journal
 Analgesia
 Breast disease
 Breast feeding
 Complication
 Infant
 Infant nutrition
 Injuries
 Male
 Mother
 Newborn
 Nipple
 Ointment
 Pain
 Pathophysiology
 Physiology
 Procedures
 Prospective study
 Protective equipment
 Psychology
 Puerperium
 Sucking
 Thailand
 Utilization
 Adult
 Ankyloglossia
 Breast Diseases
 Breast Feeding
 Female
 Humans
 Incidence
 Infant
 Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
 Infant, Newborn
 Male
 Mothers
 Nipples
 Ointments
 Pain
 Pain Management
 Postpartum Period
 Prospective Studies
 Protective Devices
 Sucking Behavior
 Thailand

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URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14740/4192

Collections

Scopus: Year 1983-2021

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