Volatile constituents, in vitro and in silico anti-hyaluronidase activity of the essential oil from gardenia carinata wall. ex roxb. flowers

Abstract

Fresh flowers of Gardenia carinata Wall. ex Roxb. were collected from Nonthaburi, Thailand. These plant materials were extracted by steam distillation extraction. The results showed that the percentage of essential oil from steam distillation was 0.16. The extracts obtained were subjected to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for the identification of volatile constituents. The essential oil extracted by steam distillation was characterized by the presence of trans-geraniol (1, 19.9%) and farnesol (2, 13.2%) as the main component. The essential oil from flowers of G. carinata and two main components were evaluated for in vitro hyaluronidase inhibitory activity using fluorometric method and compared to a reference hyaluronidase inhibitor (6-O-palmitoylascorbic acid). The results were indicated that essential oil gave the mild inhibitory activity on hyaluronidase with IC50 of 1200.4 ± 21.1 μg/mL as opposed to 6-O-palmitoylascorbic acid (IC50 =186.1 ± 3.9 μg/mL). In the case of two main components, trans-geraniol (1) and farnesol (2) displayed moderate hyaluronidase inhibition activity with IC50 value at 535.7 ± 42.2 and 292.9 ± 23.4 μg/mL, respectively. Additionally, in silico docking study of main component studies exhibited several important interactions between 1 and 2 and hyaluronidase binding site. Above finding confirmed the anti-hyaluronidase potential of G. carinata flowers. © 2019, AMG Transcend Association. All rights reserved.