Publication: Cost-effective paper-based electrochemical immunosensor using a label-free assay for sensitive detection of ferritin
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Issued Date
2020
Resource Type
File Type
application/pdf
ISSN
32654
Other identifier(s)
2-s2.0-85088487300
Rights Holder(s)
Scopus
Bibliographic Citation
Analyst. Vol 145, No.14 (2020), p.5019-5026
Suggested Citation
Boonkaew S., Teengam P., Jampasa S., Rengpipat S., Siangproh W., Chailapakul O. Cost-effective paper-based electrochemical immunosensor using a label-free assay for sensitive detection of ferritin. Analyst. Vol 145, No.14 (2020), p.5019-5026. doi:10.1039/d0an00564a Retrieved from: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14740/4471
Abstract
Ferritin, a blood cell protein containing iron, is a crucial biomarker that is used to estimate the risk assessment of iron deficiency anemia. For point-of-care analysis, a reliable, cost-effective, selective, sensitive, and portable tool is extremely necessary. In this study, a label-free electrochemical immunosensor for detecting ferritin using a paper-based analytical device (ePAD) was created. The device pattern was custom designed onto filter paper to successfully fabricate a deliverable immunosensor. Graphene oxide was first modified onto the working electrode using an inkjet printing technique. An activation step of the electrode surface was then performed using standard 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC)/N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (sulfo-NHS) chemistry. Anti-ferritin antibodies were covalently immobilized onto the amine-reactive ester surface. The amount of ferritin was monitored by observing the electrochemical signal of the selected redox couple by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). In the presence of ferritin, the sensor showed a considerable decrease in electrochemical response in a concentration-dependent manner. In contrast, there was no observable change in current response detected in the absence of ferritin. The current response provided a good correlation with ferritin concentrations in the range of 1 to 1000 ng mL-1, and the limit of detection (3SD/slope) was found to be 0.19 ng mL-1. This fabricated immunosensor offered good selectivity, reproducibility, and long-term storage stability. In addition, this proposed immunosensor was successfully applied to detect ferritin in human serum with satisfactory results. The promising results suggested that this handmade paper-based immunosensor may be an alternative device for the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia. © 2020 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Subject(s)
Analytic equipment
Blood
Cost benefit analysis
Cost effectiveness
Graphene
Immunosensors
Ink jet printing
Iron
Paper
Risk assessment
Risk perception
Voltammetry
Concentration-dependent manners
Differential pulse voltammetry
Electrochemical immunosensors
Electrochemical response
Electrochemical signals
Long-term storage stability
Paper-based analytical devices
Sensitive detection
Electrodes
Blood
Cost benefit analysis
Cost effectiveness
Graphene
Immunosensors
Ink jet printing
Iron
Paper
Risk assessment
Risk perception
Voltammetry
Concentration-dependent manners
Differential pulse voltammetry
Electrochemical immunosensors
Electrochemical response
Electrochemical signals
Long-term storage stability
Paper-based analytical devices
Sensitive detection
Electrodes