Publication: Phytochemical Characterization and Anticancer Activity of Clerodendrum chinense Leaf Extract Against Breast and Cervical Cancer Cells
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Issued Date
2025-03-01
Resource Type
ISSN
16616596
eISSN
14220067
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105001036228
Pubmed ID
40141371
Journal Title
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Volume
26
Issue
6
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol.26 No.6 (2025)
Suggested Citation
Chittasupho C., Samee W., Mangmool S., Karuna N., Anuchapreeda S., Okonogi S., Athikomkulchai S. Phytochemical Characterization and Anticancer Activity of Clerodendrum chinense Leaf Extract Against Breast and Cervical Cancer Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol.26 No.6 (2025). doi:10.3390/ijms26062729 Retrieved from: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14740/20691
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Abstract
Cancer remains a significant global health challenge, necessitating novel therapeutic interventions. Clerodendrum chinense leaf extract (CCL) has gained interest for its potential anticancer properties due to its bioactive composition. This study aims to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of CCL against MCF-7 breast cancer and HeLa cervical cancer cells and elucidate its mechanisms of action. High-performance liquid chromatography identified verbascoside, isoverbascoside, and hispidulin as the major bioactive compounds. CCL exhibited time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity, with MCF-7 cells showing greater sensitivity (IC50 = 126.8 µg/mL, 72 h) than HeLa cells (216.1 µg/mL, 72 h). Flow cytometry confirmed apoptotic induction, with late apoptosis increasing at moderate concentrations (16.03–23.55%) and necrosis prevailing at higher doses (50.80–63.68%). Reactive oxygen species generation was significantly elevated in MCF-7 (70.2%) and HeLa (60.4%) cells at 250 µg/mL. CCL effectively suppressed colony formation and cell migration in a dose-dependent manner. Molecular docking studies demonstrated that apoptosis induction of CCL bioactive compounds may mediate through the pro-apoptotic BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator (BAX) regulator. These findings highlight the potential of CCL as a natural anticancer agent with multiple mechanisms, including reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced apoptosis, BAX activation, and inhibition of proliferation and metastasis.