Lifestyle Factors and the Risk of Endometrial Cancer: A review

Abstract

Endometrial cancer (EC) is among the most prevalent gynecologic cancers worldwide, experiencing a significant surge in incidence of approximately 60% over the past three decades. Addressing this growing burden involves three primary strategies: EC screening, lifestyle modification, and chemoprevention. Compelling evidence underscores the role of healthy lifestyle changes embracing a nutritious diet, abstaining from alcohol consumption, and regular physical activity (PA) in mitigating not only the risk of cardiovascular diseases but also overall non-cancer mortality in the general population. Moreover, heightened attention from researchers in recent decades has focused on understanding the connection between adopting healthy lifestyle factors and diminishing the risk of various cancers. In the case of EC, current epidemiological findings highlight that modifiable factors such as PA and diet may be linked to a reduced risk of this cancer. This review aims to comprehensively examine and synthesize the latest evidence pertaining to the influence of lifestyle factors and behaviors on the risk of EC, shedding light on actionable insights for risk reduction and preventive measures.