Publication: Antileptospiral activity of xanthones from Garcinia mangostana and synergy of gamma-mangostin with penicillin G
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Issued Date
2013
Resource Type
File Type
application/pdf
ISSN
14726882
Other identifier(s)
2-s2.0-84880334778
Rights Holder(s)
Scopus
Bibliographic Citation
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Vol 13, No. (2013), p.-
Suggested Citation
Seesom W., Jaratrungtawee A., Suksamrarn S., Mekseepralard C., Ratananukul P., Sukhumsirichart W. Antileptospiral activity of xanthones from Garcinia mangostana and synergy of gamma-mangostin with penicillin G. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Vol 13, No. (2013), p.-. doi:10.1186/1472-6882-13-182 Retrieved from: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14740/6613
Abstract
Background: Leptospirosis, one of the most widespread zoonotic infectious diseases worldwide, is caused by spirochetes bacteria of the genus Leptospira. The present study examined inhibitory activity of purified xanthones and crude extracts from Garcinia mangostana against both non-pathogenic and pathogenic leptospira. Synergy between γ-mangostin and penicillin G against leptospires was also determined.Methods: Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of crude extracts and purified xanthones from G. mangostana and penicillin G for a non-pathogenic (L. biflexa serovar Patoc) and pathogenic (L. interrogans serovar Bataviae, Autumnalis, Javanica and Saigon) leptospires were determined by using broth microdilution method and alamar blue. The synergy was evaluated by calculating the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index.Results: The results of broth microdilution test demonstrated that the crude extract and purified xanthones from mangosteen possessed antileptospiral activities. The crude extracts were active against all five serovars of test leptospira with MICs ranging from 200 to ≥ 800 μg/ml. Among the crude extracts and purified xanthones, garcinone C was the most active compound against both of pathogenic (MIC =100 μg/ml) and non-pathogenic leptospira (MIC = 200 μg/ml). However, these MIC values were higher than those of traditional antibiotics. Combinations of γ-mangostin with penicillin G generated synergistic effect against L. interrogans serovars Bataviae, Autumnalis and Javanica (FIC = 0.52, 0.50, and 0.04, respectively) and no interaction against L. biflexa serovar Patoc (FIC =0.75). However, antagonistic activity (FIC = 4.03) was observed in L. interrogans serovar Saigon.Conclusions: Crude extracts and purified xanthones from fruit pericarp of G. mangostana with significant antibacterial activity may be used to control leptospirosis. The combination of xanthone with antibiotic enhances the antileptospiral efficacy. © 2013 Seesom et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Subject(s)
Antiinfective agent
Garcinia mangostana extract
Penicillin G
Plant extract
Unclassified drug
Xanthone derivative
Antibacterial activity
Antibiotic sensitivity
Article
Bacterial growth
Bacterial viability
Controlled study
Drug potentiation
Garcinia mangostana
Minimum inhibitory concentration
Nonhuman
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Drug Synergism
Fruit
Garcinia mangostana
Herb-Drug Interactions
Humans
Leptospira
Leptospirosis
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Penicillin G
Plant Extracts
Xanthones
Garcinia mangostana extract
Penicillin G
Plant extract
Unclassified drug
Xanthone derivative
Antibacterial activity
Antibiotic sensitivity
Article
Bacterial growth
Bacterial viability
Controlled study
Drug potentiation
Garcinia mangostana
Minimum inhibitory concentration
Nonhuman
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Drug Synergism
Fruit
Garcinia mangostana
Herb-Drug Interactions
Humans
Leptospira
Leptospirosis
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Penicillin G
Plant Extracts
Xanthones