Above-Ground Carbon Sequestration Dynamics in Wattana, Bangkok Over 20 Years

Abstract

This study examines land use changes and carbon sequestration in Wattana district, Bangkok, Thailand, over the past 20 years. Utilizing detailed satellite imagery analysis, the research reveals trends in above-ground carbon storage in the area. From 2001 to 2021, significant shifts in vegetation cover and carbon sequestration dynamics were noted. Initially, in 2001, sparse vegetation predominated, covering 47.53% of the district, with very limited moderately dense vegetation (0.35%) and no areas of high vegetation density, indicating low biomass. Over half the district (52.12%) was used for residential purposes, water bodies, and other land uses. By 2021, the district underwent substantial changes: high-density vegetation areas remained small (0.02 km2), but moderately dense vegetation expanded to 0.92 km2 and sparse vegetation spanned 6.44 km2, making up 7.04 and 49.56% of the area, respectively. These changes suggest a richer and healthier urban ecosystem, highlighting the role of strategic urban planning in enhancing green spaces. Moreover, biomass analysis using the above-ground carbon sequestration (AGCS) equation showed a significant increase in carbon sequestration potential. In 2001, the AGCS was 22,440.89 tons, or 1726.40 tons/km2. By 2021, it rose to 37,742.62 tons, or 2935.78 tons/km2, marking a 70.05% increase and indicating a greater capacity for carbon capture in Wattana district over the two decades.