Publication:
East Indian Sandalwood and α-Santalol odor increase physiological and self-rated arousal in humans

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Issued Date

2006

Resource Type

Article

File Type

application/pdf

ISSN

320943

DOI

10.1055/s-2006-941544

Other identifier(s)

2-s2.0-33746936662

Rights Holder(s)

Scopus

Bibliographic Citation

Planta Medica. Vol 72, No.9 (2006), p.792-800

Suggested Citation

Heuberger E., Hongratanaworakit T., Buchbauer G. East Indian Sandalwood and α-Santalol odor increase physiological and self-rated arousal in humans. Planta Medica. Vol 72, No.9 (2006), p.792-800. doi:10.1055/s-2006-941544 Retrieved from: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14740/5626

Title

East Indian Sandalwood and α-Santalol odor increase physiological and self-rated arousal in humans

Author(s)

Heuberger E.
 Hongratanaworakit T.
 Buchbauer G.

Abstract

In Ayurvedic medicine, East Indian Sandalwood is an important remedy for the treatment of both somatic and mental disorders. In this investigation, the effects of inhalation of East Indian Sandalwood essential oil and its main compound, α-santalol, on human physiological parameters (blood oxygen saturation, respiration rate, eye-blink rate, pulse rate, skin conductance, skin temperature, surface electromyogram, and blood pressure) and self-ratings of arousal (alertness, attentiveness, calmness, mood, relaxation and vigor) were studied in healthy volunteers. Compared to either an odorless placebo or α-santalol, Sandalwood oil elevated pulse rate, skin conductance level, and systolic blood pressure. α-Santalol, however, elicited higher ratings of attentiveness and mood than did Sandalwood oil or the placebo. Correlation analyses revealed that these effects are mainly due to perceived odor quality. The results suggest a relation between differences in perceived odor quality and differences in arousal level. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart.

Subject(s)

Essential oil
 Fragrance
 Herbaceous agent
 Placebo
 Plant extract
 Santalaceae extract
 Santalol
 Unclassified drug
 Adult
 Alertness
 Arousal
 Article
 Attention
 Ayurveda
 Behavior change
 Blood oxygen tension
 Blood pressure
 Breathing rate
 Controlled study
 Correlation analysis
 Correlation coefficient
 Drug effect
 Drug efficacy
 Electromyography
 Eyelid reflex
 Female
 Human
 Inhalation
 Leisure
 Male
 Monitoring
 Mood
 Normal human
 Odor
 Olfactory system
 Pulse rate
 Santalaceae
 Sensory system
 Skin conductance
 Skin temperature
 Adult
 Affect
 Arousal
 Blood Pressure
 Female
 Galvanic Skin Response
 Heart Rate
 Humans
 Isomerism
 Male
 Odors
 Peripheral Nervous System Agents
 Santalum
 Sesquiterpenes
 Smell
 Santalaceae

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URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14740/5626

Collections

Scopus: Year 1983-2021

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