Pretreatment and posttreatment radiography in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with and without human immunodefi ciency virus infection

Abstract

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in pretreatment and posttreatment radiographic fi ndings in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients with and without human immunodefi ciency virus (HIV) infection. Materials and methods. All patients were reviewed in terms of pre- and posttreatment radiographic fi ndings comparing non-HIV-related versus HIV-related PTB. Results. Among 177 PTB patients, 38 (22%) were HIVseropositive and 139 (78%) were HIV-seronegative. The most common radiographic fi nding in non-HIV-related TB was reticular infi ltration (66.2%), whereas the miliary pattern was the most common radiographic fi nding in HIV-related TB (34.2%). Radiographic fi ndings in HIVrelated TB signifi cantly presented with higher prevalence of the miliary pattern (P < 0.0001) and lower prevalence of reticular infi ltration (P < 0.0001), cavitation (P = 0.003), and mass-like lesions (P = 0.039) compared to non-HIV-related TB. During the posttreatment period, normal chest radiographs were signifi cantly present in the patients who had HIV-seropositivity, the miliary pattern, and sputum negative for acid-fast bacilli during the pretreatment period (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Pretreatment radiographic features of HIVrelated TB had a signifi cantly higher prevalence of the miliary pattern and lower prevalence of reticular infi ltration, cavitation, and mass-like lesions. HIVrelated TB and the miliary pattern seen by pretreatment radiography were signifi cantly associated with normal chest radiographs during the posttreatment period. © Japan Radiological Society 2011.