Publication: Optimal Bi₀.₈Ba₀.₂FeO₃ doping in Bi₀.₅(Na₀.₇₇K₀.₂₀Li₀.₀₃)₀.₅TiO₃ multiferroic ceramics synthesized by the solid-state combustion technique
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Issued Date
2025-12-01
Resource Type
eISSN
20452322
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105009960692
Journal Title
Scientific Reports
Volume
15
Issue
1
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Scientific Reports Vol.15 No.1 (2025)
Suggested Citation
Thawong P., Prasertpalichat S., Suriwong T., Pinitsoontorn S., Jantaratana P., Chootin S., Sriondee M., Charoonsuk T., Vittayakorn N., Rittidech A., Bongkarn T. Optimal Bi₀.₈Ba₀.₂FeO₃ doping in Bi₀.₅(Na₀.₇₇K₀.₂₀Li₀.₀₃)₀.₅TiO₃ multiferroic ceramics synthesized by the solid-state combustion technique. Scientific Reports Vol.15 No.1 (2025). doi:10.1038/s41598-025-04716-8 Retrieved from: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14740/21181
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
(1-x)Bi<inf>0.5</inf>(Na<inf>0.77</inf>K<inf>0.20</inf>Li<inf>0.03</inf>)<inf>0.5</inf>TiO<inf>3</inf>-xBi<inf>0.8</inf>Ba<inf>0.2</inf>FeO<inf>3</inf> ((1-x)BNKLT-xBBF) ceramics with x = 0-0.4 were synthesized by the solid-state combustion technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed a pure perovskite structure with coexisting rhombohedral and tetragonal phases. Rietveld refinement revealed that the unit cell volume increased with increased x due to the substitution of smaller Bi<sup>3+</sup> and Ti<sup>4+</sup> ions by larger Ba<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions at the A- and B-sites, respectively. The average grain size and measured density also increased with increasing x, while the resistivity decreased. At room temperature, (1-x)BNKLT-xBBF ceramics with x = 0.2–0.4 exhibited multiferroic behavior, characterized by ferroelectric and ferromagnetic hysteresis loops. The 0.8BNKLT-0.2BBF ceramic exhibited the most favorable properties, including: the highest relative density (95.48%), the highest dielectric constant and low dielectric loss at room temperature (ε<inf>R</inf> = 1746 and tan δ<inf>R</inf> = 0.0296), good ferroelectric properties (P<inf>r</inf>=6.46 µC/cm<sup>2</sup> and E<inf>c</inf>=11.84 kV/cm) and good ferromagnetic properties (M<inf>r</inf>=0.002 emu/g, H<inf>c</inf>=110 Oe and α<inf>E</inf> = 1.092 mV/Oe·cm). These results indicate that 0.8BNKLT-0.2BBF has the potential for applications in lead-free, room temperature multiferroic applications.