การมีส่วนร่วมของชุมชนในนโยบายการจัดการแหล่งท่องเที่ยงเชิงวัฒนธรรม: กรณีศึกษา บ้านเชียง จังหวัดอุดรธานี

Abstract

The objectives of this research are 1. to study the policy, process and cultural tourism management by community participation in Ban Chiang, Udon Thani province, 2. to study the benefits of the cultural tourism management in Ban Chiang. This study is qualitative research. The key information interviews including the person in charge of Ban Chiang municipality office, the museum staff of Ban Chiang national museum, and the representative samples of the people's participation at Ban Chiang cultural tourism were used in this research. This study determines the community participation of the cultural tourism management. The results showed that the community does not participate in the planning process and impose a policy, but the community can be used this policy which improve the community benefits of the tourism management. Additionally, Tai Puan folk museum was established for cultural preservation supports of Tai Puan, Ban Chiang. This result indicated that it was the basic reason for establishing the occupation cultural tourism group examples the community participation was available to welcome the tourists, the community was disseminated the culture and open the house as a homestay, and travelers get the experience the life and culture of Tai Phuan culture which was an unique community. The Tai Phuan community was disseminated and conserved the tradition and culture such as traditional costumes, food and dance etc. All of these activities were particularly important source of income in the community. The main problems and obstacles of this study associated with Ban Chiang community's participation in the cultural tourism management such as the major problems of local wisdom transfer found were lack of interested learners and descendants, without which do not have bus or transportation to the tourist attraction, do not have tourist information center, and the effect of tourist activities can impact the integrity of archaeological sites such as bringing a large car near the museum, and there are entertainment as sound and vibration can be damaged the this sites because Ban Chiang is an underground archaeological site. The recommendations of this study are: encourage the community to participate in policy formulation, planning, and solving the local problems. There are should be improve of the information board to clear and cover the entire tourist areas in this place, and should be the project on the development of knowledge about tourist destinations for community personnel to prepare and improve the community's problems; the community is ready to accommodate the growing number of tourists