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Title: | Risk factors for the development of stress urinary incontinence during pregnancy in primigravidae: A review of the literature |
Authors: | Sangsawang B. |
Keywords: | collagen progesterone relaxin aging body mass constipation emotional stability fetus weight genetic risk gestational age human muscle exercise obesity pelvis floor physical activity pregnancy pregnancy diabetes mellitus pregnant woman primigravida priority journal puerperium quality of life review risk factor smoking social interaction sphincter strength stress incontinence travel uterus weight gain adult complication female kinesiotherapy maternal age pathophysiology physiology pregnancy Pregnancy Complications Urinary Incontinence Urinary Incontinence, Stress Adult Constipation Exercise Therapy Female Gravidity Humans Maternal Age Obesity Pelvic Floor Postpartum Period Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications Pregnancy in Diabetics Risk Factors Smoking Urinary Incontinence Urinary Incontinence, Stress Weight Gain |
Issue Date: | 2014 |
Abstract: | The most common type of urinary incontinence (UI) in pregnant women is stress urinary incontinence (SUI). The number of pregnant women with SUI was variable, the prevalence ranged from 18.6% to 75% and increased with gestational age. It can affect the quality of life (QoL) of approximately 54.3% of all pregnant women in four domains including physical activity, travel, social relationships and emotional health. Pregnancy is one of the main risk factors for the development of SUI in young women. Physiological changes during pregnancy, such as increasing pressure of the growing uterus and fetal weight on the pelvic floor muscle (PFM) throughout pregnancy, together with pregnancy-related hormonal changes such as increased progesterone, decreased relaxin, and decreased collagen levels, may lead to reduced strength and supportive and sphincteric function of the PFM. Pregnancy may associate with the reduction of the PFM strength which can develop the SUI. However, the exact causes of pregnancy-related SUI remain unclear. Multiple factors have been found to be associated with the development of SUI during pregnancy. In genetic risk factors, aging is an important role in SUI development. The other risk factors such as obesity, smoking, constipation, pre-pregnancy SUI, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and pelvic floor muscle exercise (PFME) that utilized preventive strategies can reduce SUI in pregnant women. The purpose of this review is to identify the risk factors for the development of SUI in pregnant women. These understanding can be useful for health professions to inform and counsel the pregnant women to prevent and reduce the risk factors that contribute to the development of SUI during pregnancy and postpartum period. © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. |
URI: | https://ir.swu.ac.th/jspui/handle/123456789/13908 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84903134044&doi=10.1016%2fj.ejogrb.2014.04.010&partnerID=40&md5=76f24c6ece6b7b38ac48c1e50aacde92 |
ISSN: | 3012115 |
Appears in Collections: | Scopus 1983-2021 |
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