Effect of calcination temperature on morphology, wettability and anatase/rutile phase ratio of titanium dioxide nanotube arrays

Abstract

Titanium dioxide nanotube arrays (TNAs) with a well-ordered structure on titanium sheet was prepared by anodisation process, followed by calcined in the temperature range of 400-800°C. The results showed that the nanotubes morphology, wettability property and anatase/rutile phase ratio were apparently influenced by calcination temperature. Calcination temperature below 600°C has no effect on architecture of the TNAs. Further enhancement of the calcination temperatures, oxidation of TNAs led to the collapse of nanotube arrays. Water droplets were used to determine the wettability of TNAs surfaces in terms of the contact angles. The results showed that the calcination temperature increased the hydrophilicity of TNAs. Phase transition has been observed as amorphous-to-anatase and anatase to rutile phase slowly in TNAs as the calcination temperature increased. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.