การวิเคราะห์โซ่อุปทานทุเรียนภูเขาไฟศรีสะเกษ: กรณีศึกษาอำเภอกันทรลักษ์ จังหวัดศรีสะเกษ

Abstract

This research aims to explore supply chain of the Sisaket Volcanic Area Durian; a prominent Geographical Indication (GI) product; in Kantharalak District, Sisaket Province. 40 of durian farmers, who have at least 10 years experience of durian planting experience, are selected as informants in this study. All informants can be divided into 4 groups; the Kantharalak’s Large Plot group, the Land Reform Cooperative Farmers group, the Kantharalak’s Agricultural Cooperative Farmers group, and an independent farmers group. This research ministered telephone in-depth interview with simple random sampling method and semi-structured interview in order to understand all processes of lava durian panting. The SCOR model technique; which consists of plan, source, make, deliver, and return; is applied for analysis of Sisaket Volcanic Area Durian’s supply chain. Results found that all group of Sisaket Volcanic Area Durian farmers have main concept of commercial agriculture. The Sisaket Volcanic Area Durian farms have planted on the type Sor Por Kor 4 – 01 Kor land ownership. A procurement of raw materials have sought mostly from the locals, except durian young trees. Warehouses to store equipments as well as products will be in the same area as the garden due to the short time using of all facilities. Costs of 5-year-old durian is 63,130 baht/rai, yield 1,026 kg/rai, production cost 61.53 baht/kg. Distribution channels can be described into 3 groups. First, 77.5% of farmers sell their products directly to customers, which AB grade has sold via online track. Freight forwarders pick up the products in front of the garden at a price of 180 - 265 baht/kg. Whereas, B, C, and OUT grades are delivered to middlemen to pick them up at the garden at a price of 120 - 140 baht/kg. Second, 15% of farmers sell AB grade to Kantharalak District Agricultural Cooperative at a price of 140 baht/kg. The cooperative will drive cars to pick up at the member’s gardens, then sell it online or forward to middlemen in the country. Third, 7.5 percent of farmers deliver products to distribution centers in Chanthaburi Province. AB grade sells at the price of 120-140 baht/kg (base on the durian market price). Any problem cases of products, they will be sent back to change the new one or full refund to the customers.